Endocrine Abstracts

Aims/objectives: The aims of the audit were to assess if Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2) were initiated in accordance with National institute of clinical excellence guidelines and appropriate effectiveness and reviews were performed in accordance with these guidelines.Methods: A retrospective audit of 31 patients with Type 2 diabetes prescribed Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2) between March 2014 and January 2017 at Nott...

Xerostomia can be classified into two different types. One type is associated with severely reduced salivary secretion. The other involves normal salivary function yet reduced viscosity of saliva or reduced mucin concentration within the saliva, a common finding in elderly people. Studies show that xerostomia is the most common oral side-effect of cardiovascular medication. Statins are common cardiovascular drugs used to treat hypercholesterolemia. A 55-year-old Asian lady, no...

A 57-year-old gentleman presented with bilateral painless submandibular swelling, and flu like symptoms. A biopsy from the enlarged submandibular gland showed chronic sclerosing sialadenitis with lymphocytic infiltration. Immunohistochemistry showed plasma cells positive for CD79a and IgG4, and a combination of CD4 and CD8 positive lymphocytes. IgG4 levels were significantly raised (3.16 g/l, NR <1.3 g/l). A diagnosis of IgG4 syndrome was made. Chest and abdominal CT imagi...

Introduction: Adiposity has been well known to influence blood pressure. Adipokines are peptides secreted from the adipose tissue. TNF-alpha and IL-6 are pro-inflammatory adipokines while adiponectin and leptin have been known to be influencing vascular function. The influence of adipokines on blood pressure is not yet known. Our hypothesis was that all adipokines positively influenced both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Patients and methods: One ...

Cardiovascular risk factors are more prevalent in south Asian (SA) adults compared to White Europeans (WE), although the reasons for this are not fully known. Vascular growth factors (VGFs) are increasingly recognised to have various roles in arterial development, function and remodelling. We hypothesised that ethnic differences in VGFs in early life contribute to the later differences in CV risk. We further hypothesised that arterial stiffness, as a measure of large artery st...

Introduction: IGF-I and its binding proteins may modulate cardiovascular risk. As part of our Manchester Mothers’ Cardiovascular study, we tested in pre-menopausal women the hypothesis that higher circulating IGF-I concentrations would be associated with lesser arterial stiffness and lower cardiac (LV) mass, while higher IGFBP1, reflecting less pre-hepatic insulin, would be positively related to small vessel function.Methods: About 193 women aged 32...

IntroductionThe metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and glucose intolerance. We have previously shown that a low IGFBP-1 concentration coupled with a low circulating IGF-I predicts worsening glucose tolerance. In this study we further investigated relationships between the IGF-system and...

Introduction: Propensity to centripetal adiposity is an ethnic characteristic amongst South Asians, which may underlie the excess risk for both coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes in this population. Circulating levels of adipocytokines (hormones which include leptin, adiponectin, tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha)) and C-reactive protein (CRP) reflect the adipose tissues endocrine and metabolic activity, and are implicated in CHD.Methods: We compa...

AimsThe increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus with age in the context of ageing populations worldwide highlights the need to understand better factors that influence glucose homeostasis. Our hypothesis was that lifestyle change accompanying migration influences the relationship between pancreatic beta cell function (HOMA-B) and age.MethodsWe compared a specific migrant Gujarati community in Britain...

IntroductionThe IGF-system has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We report the effects of total energy intake on the IGF-system in two populations with a markedly different dietary macronutrient intake and cardiovascular event rate.MethodDietary macronutrient intake was measured in a specific Gujarati migrant community in Sandwell UK (n=205) compared with people ...